What is the primary document used to convey real property in New Mexico?

The primary document used to convey real property in New Mexico is the warranty deed. A warranty deed provides a guarantee that the grantor (the person transferring the property) holds clear title to the property and has the legal right to sell it. This type of deed offers the highest level of protection to the buyer since it assures them that there are no undisclosed encumbrances or claims against the property.

In New Mexico, a warranty deed typically includes promises, known as covenants, assuring that the title is good and that the grantor will defend the title against any claims. This contrasts with other types of deeds, such as a quitclaim deed, which transfers whatever interest the grantor has in the property without any warranties regarding the title. A quitclaim deed is often used in situations such as transferring property between family members or clearing up title issues, but it does not provide the same level of assurance to the buyer.

Bill of sale is used more for personal property transactions, and a lease agreement pertains to the rental of real property rather than the transfer of title. Therefore, the warranty deed is the correct answer as it is specifically designed to convey real property interests with legal protections for the buyer.